OPN Intel
AS-OF
BTC$77,682MAYER1.12×200W1.20×PI-CYCLE41%DRAWDOWN-38%PUELL0.94×W-RSI56BMSB1.11×
AS OF 2026-08-30
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Puell Multiple

How rich is miner revenue against its own year?

Why we track it · Miners are forced sellers; when their daily take stretches far above its yearly average, supply pressure follows. The other side · Issuance-only (fees excluded) and halving resets bend the baseline — cross-era comparisons get fuzzy.

The Puell Multiple measures daily issuance value against its yearly average — a proxy for miner-revenue pressure.

0.94×Fair valueas of 2026-08-30

Daily issuance value is 0.94× its 365-day average (Puell Multiple). Readings below ~0.5× have marked miner-capitulation lows, above ~4× cycle tops.

Trace this number
Today's issuance value$242,755as of 2026-08-30
365-day avg issuance value$258,130as of 2025-08-31→2026-08-30
issuance value ÷ its 365-day average (subsidy × close; 144 blocks/day cancels)= 0.94×

The arithmetic is auditable; whether it means anything is the “other side” above. Levels are the weekly file’s completed closes — the reading stitches the live spot when available, so an intraday value can differ.

Backtest it in the Time Machine →

History

Off daily closes through 2026-08-30 (btc-history.json, weekly automated refresh); the current reading stitches the live spot when available. Issuance from the analytic subsidy schedule.

How it's computed

For each day, multiply the protocol block subsidy in effect (from the analytic halving schedule) by the daily close to get issuance value, then divide by its trailing 365-day average. The constant 144 blocks/day cancels in the ratio. Computed off daily closes through the latest row in btc-history.json — a price-only series refreshed weekly by an automated, validation-gated pipeline, so the tail can trail the live market by up to a week between refreshes. The current reading stitches the live spot when available.

Source bundled daily closes (public/btc-history.json) + the analytic issuance scheduleProcessing price × block subsidy vs its 365-day averageLast updated 2026-08-30Next expected ~2026-09-06Puell Multiple” in the glossary →

Evidence basis · full daily history across 4 halving epochs of issuance

Band guide

< 0.50×Undervalued
0.50×–2×Fair value
2×–4×Elevated
≥ 4×Historically expensive